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What do you need to know about cassava plantation?
We discussed about planting your own cassava, but I believe it is wrong if we don't to give insight to how this could be done. At least, the basics, would do.
CASSAVA is increasingly attracting attention and processing businesses are fast springing up all over the country. You also know how useful cassava is to Nigerians in general in terms of consumption.
Site selection
For Cassava plantation, it is important to choose an accessible well-drained fertile soil. Like I said in my previous article, the location doesn't really matter(as a producer). But if you have the opportunity to be closer to your factory, then it's cool too.
But as a new investor, probably with less cash, you must endeavor to, at least, try to be closer to your factory, in order to reduce incurred costs of overall production.
note: any land purchase above N150,000/acre is very expensive for farm purposes. Especially if we're talking of cultivation
Varieties
For good cassava production, there are many varieties, but in truth, 80% of the improved breed are not good for Garri processing! They are very good for starch production and other starch related produce, but not for Garri.
Garri doesn't need much of its starch (yellow Garri exclusive). We try to eliminate starch/cyanide through fermentation and more of the starch through the pressing process.
A variety of Casava, with too much starch will definitely give you leas Garri...That's why the local varieties are more suitable for Garri production.
i know you would like me to mention such local varieties, but how do I say, ökö iyàwó, ìbílërù (all Yoruba names for some some local Varieties) in other local languages?😀 But I believe you got the idea, yes?
Land preparation
You use tractor (mechanical) or manual. The first option is inevitable if you have too much trees, that needs to be removed, on your farm.
The usage of tractor is the cheapest, though.
Weed control
A total herbicide – should be applied to the land where you want to plant your cassava (called pre-emergence application)at the rate of 4–5liters/ha, after the first plough- a week before the second plough.
Use hand ridging or harrowing. Make ridges big. The bigger the better.
Liming
It is recommended that 5 (50 kg) bags of agricultural lime be applied /ha during land preparation (but nobody does that anymore jare) where the acidic nature of the soil has been reduced. But generally, cassava rarely respond to liming.
Planting
You can start cassava farming in April and can be extended to October.
60 bundles of cassava stem are to be planted on a hactare.
Cassava Stem may be cut into 25 cm long and should be planted at a spacing of 1 m x 1 m. Mostly, the normal space between ridges.
Maintain 100% cassava planting rate by replacing dead or nonviable stems.
Post-planting weed control
Where a total herbicide was not used before land preparation for cassava plantation, it is recommended that a selective pre-emergence herbicide be applied within three days after planting. Five liters of Primextra is recommended /ha.
Fertilizer use, type and rate
If you consider it necessary, the following fertilizers and their rate/ha are recommended
• NPK 15:15:15–12 (50 kg) bags
• NPK 20:10:10–9 (50 kg) bags
• NPK 12:12:17–15 (50 kg) bags
Apply fertilizer at 8 weeks after planting your cassava. Apply fertilizer in a ring, 6cm wide and 10 cm from the plant or broadcast with care around the cassava plant, making sure the fertilizer does not touch the cassava stem or leaves.
I would rather prefer the application of manure, after ploughing, before ridging.
Yield
Cassava Yield of 30 tons/ha and above can be obtained with good agronomic practices and management.
Other notes
This yield is for the improved bred. The local ones do not yield much.
But if you are planting to sell or process, you should consider the improved breed. If you are buying to process, you _must_ consider the local breed.
The reason is simple,
With 4tons of improved breed, I can guarantee that you will not see 20bags of Garri, because of the high starch content.
But for the local ones, you will see your 20bags or a bag more.
So, when planting to process, the improved breed will cater for it's deficit in production with higher yield.
Also, you shld ensure that your Cassava farm is free of weeds, ALWAYS
call +2347035593128
email: garriguy007@gmail.com
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